Inflammation Tests

This hub is for people with nonspecific symptoms (fever, fatigue, pain), those with known inflammatory conditions(e.g., autoimmune disease, IBD), and clinicians who need baseline or monitoring markers. Core labs include CRPhigh-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP)ESRprocalcitonin (PCT)ferritinfibrinogenIL-6/SAA (if offered), fecal calprotectin/lactoferrin for GI inflammation, and derived indices like the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) from a CBC.


What It Test

Inflammatory biomarkers help you and your clinician:

  • Screen & Baseline: establish whether measurable inflammation is present when symptoms are vague.

  • Diagnose & Triage: support evaluation of infection, injury, autoimmune flares, or GI inflammation—not as stand-alone diagnostic tests.

  • Monitor: track response to therapy or disease activity over time (e.g., RA, IBD, infections).

  • Refine risk: hs-CRP can inform cardiovascular risk in selected, otherwise stable adults.


Key Tests

Test Also Called (Synonyms) What It Measures Typical Prep (fasting? activity?) Specimen Turnaround Related Panels Use Type (Screening / Diagnosis / Monitoring / Risk) Notes (method limits & caveats)
C-reactive protein (CRP) Standard CRP Systemic acute-phase response (hours → days) No fasting; avoid heavy exercise if possible Blood ~1–2 d Inflammation Essentials Dx/Monitoring Non-specific; rises quickly and normalizes faster than ESR
High-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) Cardio-CRP Low-grade inflammation for CV risk Test when well; avoid testing near infections/injury; avoid heavy exercise 24–48 h Blood ~1–2 d Cardio-Inflammation Risk Risk/Monitoring Not for diagnosis of infection; repeat if elevated during illness
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Westergren ESR Indirect marker (fibrinogen effect on RBC settling) No fasting Blood ~1 d Inflammation Essentials Dx/Monitoring Slower to change; affected by anemia, age, pregnancy, RBC morphology
Procalcitonin (PCT) Host response often higher in bacterialinfection No fasting Blood ~1–2 d Infection vs Inflammation Dx/Monitoring Use with clinical judgment; algorithms vary; not stand-alone
Ferritin Iron stores andacute-phase protein Morning preferred; no strict fast Blood ~1–2 d Inflammation Essentials, Iron Studies Screen/Dx/Monitoring Elevated in inflammation; interpret with CBC, iron/TIBC/TSAT
Fibrinogen Acute-phase protein & coagulation factor No fasting Blood ~1–2 d Inflammation Essentials Dx/Monitoring Can raise ESR; influenced by liver synthesis/consumption
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Upstream inflammatory cytokine No fasting Blood ~1–2 d Advanced Inflammation Dx/Monitoring Specialized use; rises early; assay availability varies
Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Rapid acute-phase reactant No fasting Blood ~1–2 d Advanced Inflammation Dx/Monitoring Specialized/limited availability; rises/normalizes rapidly
Fecal Calprotectin FCP Neutrophil protein → GI mucosal inflammation Follow stool kit; avoid contamination Stool ~1–3 d GI Inflammation Triage Dx/Monitoring Helps distinguish IBD vs IBS; trend for activity
Fecal Lactoferrin FL GI neutrophil marker Follow stool kit Stool ~1–3 d GI Inflammation Triage Dx/Monitoring Similar use to FCP; lab cutoffs vary
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio NLR (from CBC) Derived systemic inflammation index No fasting Blood (CBC) Same–1 d Inflammation Essentials Screen/Monitoring Non-specific; interpret with CBC & context
(Adjunct) Complement C3/C4 Immune complex activity context No fasting Blood ~1–2 d Autoimmune Add-On Dx/Monitoring Use alongside autoimmune panels (ANA, RF, anti-CCP, etc.)

When to Test

  • Acute symptoms (fever, new pain, suspected infection/injury): CRP/ESR ± PCT under clinician guidance.

  • Chronic/relapsing symptoms (joint pain, morning stiffness, fatigue): CRP/ESR for activity; cross-link to Autoimmune hub for disease-specific tests.

  • GI symptoms (persistent diarrhea, blood in stool, abdominal pain): Fecal calprotectin/lactoferrin to help triage IBD vs IBS; see Digestive System hub.

  • Cardiovascular risk refinement (selected, otherwise stable adults): hs-CRPnot during or soon after illness/injury.

  • Therapy monitoring (e.g., RA, IBD, infections): serial CRP/ESR/FCP per clinician protocol.

  • Red flags present? Seek urgent care; labs are not a substitute for emergency evaluation.


How to Prepare

  • Fasting: generally not required.

  • Activity: Avoid vigorous exercise 24–48 h before hs-CRP or baseline panels; schedule risk tests when you’re well.

  • Medications/supplements: disclose steroidsNSAIDsstatinsestrogens/OCPs, recent injections/surgery, and biotin (assay interference is uncommon but worth listing).

  • Specimen: blood for most; stool for calprotectin/lactoferrin—follow the kit carefully.

  • Repeat timing: If hs-CRP is elevated during intercurrent illness, repeat after recovery (often ≥2 weeks) to establish a true baseline.


Interpreting Results

  • Non-specificity: An elevated marker indicates inflammation somewherenot the cause.

  • CRP vs ESR: CRP rises and falls faster (acute changes); ESR is slower and can be influenced by anemia, age, pregnancy.

  • hs-CRP: Use only when clinically well; values inform risk context and should be interpreted alongside lipids/ApoB/Non-HDL-C and overall risk.

  • Procalcitonin: Higher levels may suggest bacterial infection, but thresholds and cutoffs are lab-specific; never a stand-alone rule-in/out.

  • Ferritin: Acute-phase reactant—elevations can reflect inflammation even with iron deficiency/overload; interpret with CBC iron/TIBC/TSAT.

  • Fecal markers (FCP/FL): Elevated values support GI mucosal inflammation; normal/low values favor non-inflammatory causes like IBS.

  • Method & lab variation: Stick with the same lab/method when trending values.


Related Conditions

  • Autoimmune & Rheumatologic Conditions

  • Digestive Inflammation (IBD/IBS triage) 

  • Heart & Cardiovascular Risk 

  • Infectious Disease Testing (if infection suspected)

  • General Health Tests 


Bundles & Panels

  • Inflammation 1 Panel – Contains 10 tests with 68 biomarkers, including high-sensitivity CRP, interleukins, and other immune mediators; reflex to ANA titer if ANA Screen is positive

  • Inflammatory Panel – A broad panel designed to detect and monitor diverse inflammatory markers and their potential causes

  • Cardio IQ Advanced Lipid Panel Plus & Inflammation – Combines lipid profiling with inflammation markers: 7 tests including hs-CRP, apolipoprotein levels, and lipid particle risk insights

  • Inflammation Panel Complete – The most extensive panel: 25 tests with 120 biomarkers, reflecting systemic inflammation, immune autoantibody screens (ANA IFA reflex), cytokine profiles, and acute-phase proteins


FAQs

What’s the difference between CRP and hs-CRP?
CRP detects broader inflammation (e.g., infection, flare). hs-CRP is a more sensitive assay used mainly for cardiovascular risk when you’re otherwise well.

CRP vs ESR—which should I use?
They complement each other. CRP changes fasterESR changes slower and can be affected by non-inflammatory factors.

Can CRP tell if I have a bacterial infection?
Not by itself. Procalcitonin can add context for bacterial infection, but clinical evaluation and other tests are essential.

Do I need to fast?
Usually no. Follow any instructions on your test requisition.

How long after a cold or injury should I wait before checking hs-CRP?
Often a couple of weeks after you feel fully recovered—confirm timing with your clinician.

My ferritin is high—does that mean iron overload?
Not necessarily. Ferritin rises with inflammation. Interpret with iron/TIBC/TSAT and a CBC.

Can exercise or medications change my results?
Yes. Vigorous exercise can raise CRP; steroids/NSAIDs/statins may lower it. Share your routine and meds with your clinician.

Does fecal calprotectin diagnose IBD?
It supports evaluation and helps distinguish IBD vs IBS, but diagnosis requires clinician assessment (often imaging/endoscopy).

Should I keep retesting until numbers are zero?
No. Use trendlines with symptoms and clinician guidance; absolute zeros aren’t necessary or expected.

Are inflammation tests helpful for heart risk?
hs-CRP can refine risk in certain adults, interpreted alongside lipids/ApoB/Non-HDL-C and overall risk factors.


References

  • AHA/ACC — statements on hs-CRP for cardiovascular risk refinement

  • NICE / AGA — guidance on fecal calprotectin for IBD vs IBS triage

  • IDSA / Sepsis stewardship — use of procalcitonin in infection context

  • ACR/EULAR — use of CRP/ESR in rheumatologic disease activity

  • NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (Ferritin/Iron)Mayo Clinic Laboratories / ARUP Consult — test utilization & method notes

Last reviewed: September 2025 by Ulta Lab Tests Medical Review Team

To get lab tests for conditions affected by inflammation, see the links below.

Click on the links below to learn more about inflammation and the lab tests that can be used to detect and monitor its effects on your health.

 

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Your Guide to Inflammation Blood Tests

Chronic inflammation is one of the most common indicators of chronic disease. Inflammation can wreak havoc on the body, causing shifts in gut health, hormonal balances, and more.

In other words, inflammation can lead to a lot of other problems.

To stop the disease process at the source, you need to stop the inflammation. First, you need to understand whether you have inflammation and where in the body it's located. To do that, you need to get inflammation blood tests.

With inflammation labs, you'll have all of the information that you need to make better decisions about your health.

Keep reading to learn more about inflammation and lab tests to detect inflammation.

What Is Inflammation?

Inflammation is a result of natural immune system processes. Your body builds inflammation as your white blood cells are trying to protect you from outside invaders.

Sometimes, inflammation can come from unnatural immune system processes, like autoimmune diseases. These conditions occur when your immune system mistakingly believes that normal tissues are invaders. Thus, your body attacks itself.

Inflammation can be acute (short-lived) or chronic (long-lived). Acute inflammation goes away in a few hours or days, while chronic inflammation can last for months and years.

Risk Factors for Inflammation

Since inflammation occurs when the body perceives a threat or foreign invader, the process is commonly set off by everyday things. Here are a few ways to ease and deter long-term inflammation:

  • Quit smoking
  • Limit alcohol consumption
  • Maintain a healthy weight
  • Manage your stress
  • Get regular physical activity
  • Eat a balanced diet

By practicing a healthy lifestyle, you'll be able to lower your risk for inflammation. If you have existing inflammation, these practices will help you control it.

Causes of Inflammation

When a part of your body becomes inflamed, your body sends a signal to your immune system to send white blood cells. These enter your blood and tissues to protect your body from foreign invaders, increasing the blood flow to the afflicted area.

The increase in blood flow causes redness and warmth.

As more and more chemicals and blood travel to the area, some fluids leak out of the blood vessels into the tissues, which causes swelling and pain. The more white blood cells there are, the more severe the symptoms become.

If this process happens continually for a long time, that part of your body is chronically inflamed. In turn, you're going to experience long-term symptoms as well as potential damage from the alterations to that part of your body.

What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Inflammation?

Depending on where the inflammation is taking place in your body, you may experience a myriad of symptoms:

  • Redness
  • Swollen joints
  • Joint pain
  • Joint stiffness
  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Fatigue
  • Headaches
  • Muscle stiffness

Most often, signs and symptoms of inflammation aren't discovered until they reach the joints. Be sure to pay attention to your energy levels as a sign of inflammation in the body. Often, inflammation goes undiagnosed because fatigue isn't often recognized as a sign of the condition.

How Is Inflammation Diagnosed?

Inflammatory diseases go undiagnosed for a long time. It isn't until inflammation becomes chronic that most patients get a diagnosis. All of this waiting allows inflammation to worsen over time, causing more damage to the body.

If you bring up symptoms associated with inflammation, your physician will start by asking questions about your family history and past medical history. They will also conduct a physical that will assess your range of motion and tenderness.

The physician is going to be looking for a few key things:

  • A pattern of inflammation
  • The presence of stiff joints
  • A history of autoimmunity

From there, they will obtain blood work and imaging. Your blood work will consist of biomarkers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein and sedimentation rate. Imaging, such as x-rays, will help your physician determine whether the inflammation has caused any long-term damage to the affected regions.

The Lab Tests to Screen, Diagnose, and Monitor Inflammation

Inflammation lab tests focus on general and specific biomarkers. General tests alert physicians of existing inflammation, while specified tests look for the exact location of the inflammation.

At Ulta Lab Tests, our inflammation 1 panel looks at the following biomarkers:

  • Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) screen - a marker associated with autoimmunity
  • Complete blood count (CBC) - a general look at the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
  • Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) - a general look at the electrolytes in the blood
  • Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) - an enzyme in the body
  • hs-CRP - a general marker of inflammation
  • Iron - important for oxygen concentration in the blood
  • Lipid panel with ratios - a measure of cholesterol in the blood
  • Rheumatoid factor - positivity is associated with rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease
  • Sedimentation rate - how long it takes your blood to settle
  • Uric acid - a waste product in the blood

If you'd like a panel that looks for more markers, you should consider looking at our Inflammation Panel Complete. This panel looks at a larger number of biomarkers so you and your healthcare provider can learn even more about your immune system.

By gathering all of these results, you and your healthcare provider can work together to determine the best next steps for treatment and long-term care.

Get Your Inflammation Blood Tests With Ulta Lab Tests

If you're showing signs of inflammation, you need to get inflammation blood tests as soon as possible. Undiagnosed and untreated inflammation can run rampant, causing issues throughout your body. 

Luckily, you can get your inflammation lab tests with Ulta Lab Tests. We offer highly accurate and reliable tests so that you can make informed decisions about your health. Here are a few of the great things that you'll love about Ulta Lab Tests:

  • You'll get secure and confidential results
  • You don't need health insurance
  • You don't need a physician's referral
  • You'll get affordable pricing
  • We offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee

Order your inflammation blood tests today, and you will receive your results in 24 to 48 hours for most tests.

Take control of your health with Ulta Lab Tests today!