Depression

Depression is a clinical condition, but many medical issues can mimic or worsen depressive symptoms—including thyroid disease, anemia, vitamin and iron deficiencies, diabetes, hormone changes, infections, and some medicines or substances. Blood testing does not diagnose depression itself; instead, it helps find reversible contributors, establish baselines before or during treatment, and monitor overall health.

A proactive plan usually starts with CBC/CMPthyroid (TSH ± Free T4)vitamin B12 with methylmalonic acid (MMA)vitamin DA1c/fasting glucose, and iron studies. Depending on age and symptoms, add testosterone (men, morning)prolactinestradiol/FSH (perimenopause), inflammation markers (CRP/hs-CRP), and cortisol when adrenal concerns arise. In selected cases, clinicians add HIV/syphilis screening or other tests. Use these labs to screentriage, and monitor trends alongside your clinician’s evaluation.

Signs, Symptoms & Related Situations

  • Mood, energy, cognition: persistent sadness, loss of interest, fatigue, slowed thinking, trouble concentrating, sleep changes

  • Physical clues: weight or appetite change, headaches, body aches, GI upset, low libido

  • Medical contexts: thyroid symptoms (cold intolerance, hair thinning), heavy periods or blood loss, diabetes or prediabetes, chronic pain/inflammation, postpartum or perimenopausal change, low testosterone signs in men

  • Medication/substance factors: alcohol/heavy drinking, sedatives/opioids/stimulants, new supplements

  • Urgent help now: thoughts of harming yourself or others, or inability to care for basic needs—seek emergency care immediately

Symptoms require evaluation by a qualified clinician.

Why These Tests Matter

What testing can do

  • Reveal medical contributors (e.g., hypothyroidism, anemia, low B12/folate, vitamin D or iron deficiency, diabetes, low testosterone)

  • Clarify risk patterns (metabolic or inflammatory) that may affect mood and energy

  • Establish baselines and support treatment safety monitoring (liver, kidney, electrolytes)

What testing cannot do

  • Diagnose depression or replace a mental-health assessment

  • Determine psychological, social, or sleep contributors on its own

  • Provide treatment or dosing advice—review results with your clinician

What These Tests Measure (at a glance)

  • CBC (Complete Blood Count): checks for anemia or infection that can cause fatigue or low mood.

  • CMP (Comprehensive Metabolic Panel): electrolyteskidney/liver function; low sodium or abnormal LFTs may affect symptoms and medication safety.

  • Thyroid Panel (TSH ± Free T4): rules out hypo-/hyperthyroidism; consider TPO antibodies if autoimmune disease is suspected.

  • Vitamin B12 with MMA ± Folate: MMA rises with functional B12 deficiency, even when B12 looks “normal.”

  • Vitamin D (25-OH): low levels can relate to low energy and bone/muscle health.

  • Iron Studies (Ferritin, Iron/TIBC, Transferrin Saturation): low stores contribute to fatigue, brain fog, and restless legs.

  • Glucose/A1c (± fasting insulin): screens for prediabetes/diabetes that can lower energy and mood.

  • Inflammation (CRP/hs-CRP, ± ESR): identifies systemic inflammation that may correlate with somatic symptoms.

  • Hormones (as indicated):

    • Men: Total testosterone (morning) ± free T/SHBGprolactin

    • Perimenopause: Estradiol/FSH (clinician-directed)

  • Adrenal context: AM cortisol (± ACTH) in selected cases with clear clinical suspicion.

  • Infections (as indicated): HIV 4th-generationsyphilis tests when risk factors or exam point that way.

Quick Build Guide

Goal Start with Add if needed
First-line medical screen for depression CBC • CMP • TSH • B12 + MMA • Vitamin D • A1c Ferritin/Iron/TIBC • CRP/hs-CRP
Marked fatigue/brain fog CBC • Ferritin • B12 + MMA • TSH Vitamin D • CMP
Weight/sleep or metabolic concerns A1c • CMP • TSH Lipid panel • CRP/hs-CRP
Men with low libido/ED AM Total Testosterone Free T/SHBG • Prolactin • TSH
Perimenopausal symptoms TSH • Ferritin • Vitamin D Estradiol/FSH (clinician-directed)
Medication safety baseline CMP • CBC Add others per clinician plan
Atypical features/risk factors CBC • CMP • TSH • B12 + MMA HIV 4th-gen • Syphilis tests (as indicated)

How the Testing Process Works

  1. Choose your starting set based on symptoms and goals (see Quick Build Guide).

  2. Provide samples: standard blood draw; fasting only if your order includes fasting lipids/glucose.

  3. Check pre-analytical details: schedule morning testosterone for men; list current meds/supplements on your order.

  4. View results securely: most post within a few days.

  5. Plan next steps: review results with your clinician; add targeted tests or monitoring as needed.

Interpreting Results (General Guidance)

  • Low B12 with elevated MMA → suggests true B12 deficiency; discuss causes and follow-up.

  • TSH abnormal → thyroid imbalance can drive mood, energy, and sleep symptoms.

  • Low ferritin or anemia → can cause fatigue and cognitive complaints; confirm and address with your clinician.

  • High A1c/glucose → metabolic drivers may affect mood and energy; trends matter.

  • Elevated CRP/hs-CRP → signals inflammation; interpret with history and exam.

  • Low morning testosterone (men) → repeat AM and consider free T/SHBG and prolactin.
    Always interpret patterns over time with a qualified healthcare professional.

Choosing Panels vs. Individual Tests

  • Foundational screen: CBC • CMP • TSH • B12 + MMA • Vitamin D • A1c

  • Fatigue/iron focus: Ferritin • Iron/TIBC • Transferrin Saturation

  • Hormone add-ons: AM Total Testosterone ± Free T/SHBG • Prolactin (men); Estradiol/FSH(clinician-directed)

  • Inflammation/metabolic: CRP/hs-CRP • Lipid panel

  • Targeted infection screen: HIV 4th-gen • Syphilis tests when indicated

FAQs

Can blood tests diagnose depression?
No. They identify medical contributors and set baselines. Diagnosis requires a clinician’s assessment.

Which labs are most common for depression workups?
CBC, CMP, TSH, B12 + MMA, vitamin D, A1c, and often iron studies.

Do I need to fast?
Only if your order includes fasting lipids or fasting glucose.

Why test B12 and MMA together?
MMA rises when tissues are short on B12, even if serum B12 looks normal—useful for early deficiency.

Can hormones play a role?
Yes. Low testosterone in men or perimenopausal shifts can affect mood and energy. Testing is tailored to symptoms.

What if my labs are normal but I still feel depressed?
Labs are one piece. Continue working with your clinician on comprehensive care and supports.

I’m in crisis—what should I do?
If you’re thinking about self-harm, seek emergency help immediately (call local emergency services or go to the nearest ER).

Related Categories & Key Tests

  • Neurological Disorders Tests Hub

  • Brain Health • All Cognitive Health Tests • Thyroid Tests • Men’s/Women’s Hormone Health • Diabetes Health • Vitamin & Nutrient Tests • Inflammation Tests

  • Key Tests: CBC • CMP • TSH • Free T4 • TPO Antibodies • Vitamin B12 • MMA • Folate • Vitamin D (25-OH) • Ferritin • Iron/TIBC • Transferrin Saturation • A1c • Fasting Glucose • CRP/hs-CRP • Lipid Panel • Total Testosterone (AM) • Free T/SHBG • Prolactin • Estradiol/FSH • AM Cortisol • HIV 4th-generation • Syphilis tests

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Depression in adults: recognition and management.
  • American Academy of Family Physicians. Initial evaluation of depression: laboratory and medical conditions.
  • American Thyroid Association. Thyroid Function Testing Guidance.
  • Endocrine Society. Testosterone Deficiency Guideline (men).
  • American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes.
  • NIH Office of Dietary Supplements. Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D fact sheets.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV and Syphilis testing recommendations.

Available Tests & Panels

Your Depression Tests menu is pre-populated in the Ulta Lab Tests system. Start with a foundational screen (CBC, CMP, TSH, B12 + MMA, vitamin D, A1c), then use filters to add iron studiesinflammation markershormone tests, and targeted infection screens as needed. Follow collection instructions and review results with your clinician to confirm findings and plan monitoring.

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The Vitamin B12 and Folate Panel Test measures blood levels of vitamin B12 and folate to evaluate nutritional status, red blood cell production, and nervous system health. Deficiencies may cause anemia, fatigue, weakness, neuropathy, or cognitive decline, while elevated levels can indicate liver or kidney disease. Doctors use this panel to diagnose deficiency, monitor therapy, and assess absorption disorders such as pernicious anemia, Crohn’s disease, or celiac disease.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Cobalamin and Folic Acid Test, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B9 Test

The Vitamin C Micronutrient Test measures blood levels of ascorbic acid to assess nutritional status and detect deficiencies. Vitamin C is vital for immune defense, collagen formation, wound healing, and antioxidant protection. This test helps identify poor dietary intake, absorption issues, or increased needs due to illness or stress, supporting diagnosis and management of overall health.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.
Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Ascorbic Acid Test

Most Popular

The Vitamin C Test measures blood levels of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), an essential nutrient for immune defense, wound healing, collagen production, and antioxidant protection. Low levels may indicate poor diet, malabsorption, or scurvy, while high levels may occur with excess supplementation. Doctors order this test for patients with fatigue, bleeding gums, or poor wound healing. Results help assess nutritional status and guide treatment or dietary adjustments.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Ascorbic Acid Test

The Vitamin D 1,25-Dihydroxy Test measures the active form of vitamin D in blood to evaluate calcium and phosphorus balance, bone health, and kidney function. Abnormal levels may indicate kidney disease, parathyroid disorders, or problems with calcium metabolism. Doctors order this test when deficiency symptoms don’t match 25-hydroxy vitamin D results or to monitor chronic illness. Results provide vital insight into vitamin D activity, mineral health, and metabolic function.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Calcitriol Test

The Vitamin D 25-Hydroxy Total Test measures levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in blood to evaluate vitamin D status, bone health, and calcium balance. It helps detect deficiency, insufficiency, or toxicity, which can affect immune function, muscle strength, and risk of osteoporosis. Doctors use this test to assess overall nutritional health, monitor supplementation, and support diagnosis of metabolic or endocrine disorders linked to vitamin D.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: 25-hydroxyvitamin D Test, Vitamin D 25-OH Test, Total 25-OH D Test

The QuestAssureD™ Vitamin D 25-Hydroxy Total Test measures Vitamin D2, Vitamin D3, and total 25-hydroxy vitamin D to assess overall vitamin D status. Adequate vitamin D supports bone strength, calcium absorption, immune health, and muscle function. Low levels may cause osteoporosis, weakness, or increased disease risk, while high levels can indicate toxicity. Doctors use this test to diagnose deficiency, monitor supplementation, and evaluate metabolic and endocrine health.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Vitamin D Test, Ergocalciferol Test, Vitamin D2 Test, Cholecalciferol Test, Vitamin D3 Test, Calcidiol Test, 25-hydroxyvitamin D Test, Calcifidiol Test, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D Test, Vitamin D Total Test

The Zinc Micronutrient Test measures blood zinc levels to evaluate nutritional status and detect deficiencies or excess. Zinc is vital for immune function, wound healing, growth, reproduction, and enzyme activity. This test helps identify poor intake, malabsorption, or excessive supplementation, supporting diagnosis and management of overall health, immune balance, and metabolic function.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.
Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Zinc Plasma Test

Most Popular

The Zinc Test measures zinc levels in blood to evaluate nutritional status and overall health. Zinc is essential for immune function, wound healing, growth, taste, and reproductive health. Abnormal levels may cause fatigue, hair loss, delayed healing, or increased infection risk. Doctors use this test to detect zinc deficiency or excess, monitor supplementation, and guide treatment for conditions linked to immune, metabolic, or endocrine imbalance.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As:  Zinc Plasma Test, Zn Test

The Methylation Essentials Panel provides a comprehensive baseline evaluation of core laboratory markers involved in the body’s methylation process. Methylation is a fundamental biochemical pathway that supports nutrient metabolism, cardiovascular wellness, energy production, and cellular maintenance.

Blood, Serum
Phlebotomist
Panel Contains Test: Basic Methylation Test, Folate and Vitamin B12 Methylation Panel, Homocysteine and Nutrient Metabolism Test, Entry-Level Epigenetic Health Panel, One-Carbon Metabolism Panel (Basic), Folate & Homocysteine Assessment, 

The Advanced Methylation Precision Panel is Ulta Lab Tests’ most comprehensive evaluation of methylation-related health. This panel organizes laboratory testing across core methylation pathways, integrating nutrient status, functional biomarkers, genetic factors, inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic context.

Plasma-Unspecified Vial Pour, Blood, Serum
Phlebotomist
Panel Contains Test: MTHFR and Methylation Test, Genetic Methylation Pathway Panel, Folate, B-Vitamins & Genetics Test, Intermediate Epigenetic Health Panel, Genetic & Enzymatic Methylation Panel, Folate–B12–MTHFR Pathway Panel

The Methylation Pathway Optimization Panel provides a comprehensive evaluation of the key nutrients, functional biomarkers, and genetic factors that influence methylation efficiency. Methylation is a critical biochemical process involved in cardiovascular wellness, energy production, cognitive function, and cellular maintenance.

Blood, Serum
Phlebotomist
Panel Contains Test: Comprehensive Methylation Test, Advanced Epigenetic Health Panel, Methylation, Inflammation & Oxidative Stress Panel, Precision Nutrient & Gene Interaction Panel, Epigenetic Regulation & Methylation Panel, Cellular Repair

Blood
Blood Draw

Depression afflicts 264 million people across the world.

Amid a pandemic and other traumatic events, mental health is now more important than ever.

You may have down moments, but what if you're not sure if you actually have depression? Or maybe you are certain you are suffering from depression, but don't know why.

Depression can be caused by external factors, but it can also stem from other health issues. Depression blood tests may help you narrow down the cause so you can start working on a solution.

Here is what you need to know about depression and how lab tests for depression can help.

What Is Depression?

At its most simple description, depression causes feelings of sadness. It also causes you to lose interest in people or activities that you previously cared about. Depression is common, but that doesn't take away from the severity of this affliction.

Depression can interfere with personal relationships, work, and school. It's common to encounter grief after a sad event. But when symptoms continue for a long period, you may be dealing with mental illness.

Risk Factors for Depression

Depression can hit anyone. However, certain environmental and health factors can make you more susceptible. For instance, genetics can play a role in your risk for depression.

Other health issues can also increase your risk. Sleep issues, anxiety, and substance abuse can all be associated with depression. To complicate matters, these issues can interact and make it hard to tell which came first.

Significant events also put people more at risk for suffering from depression. Deaths, family conflicts, and loss of a job are common examples. Positive life events like marriage, retirement, or the birth of a baby can also be risk factors.

Causes of Depression

Sometimes you can cope with risk factors and avoid succumbing to depression. Other times it is unavoidable. But depression blood tests can help you get started on healing.

The body is complex. Different vital systems have effects on areas that you might not expect. For example, there is a strong connection between the brain and the gut.

Depression can start with insomnia or chronic pain from injury. Certain medications you take can also cause depression. Substance abuse is another common cause.

Various blood tests can help with the diagnosis and treatment of related conditions.

What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Depression?

Everyone feels sad, lonely, or disinterested at times. So how do you distinguish general grief from depression? The symptoms are similar, but depression lasts longer.

There are a few signs to watch for. If you feel them for a long period, you may be one of the many people dealing with depression.

Do you feel tired, restless, or irritated? Maybe you are having negative thoughts or are having a hard time concentrating. You may also be feeling hopeless or are no longer interested in your favorite activities.

Some of the symptoms are also physical. For instance, you may have stomach pain or headaches. Changes in diet or sleep habits are another strong indicator.

How Is Depression Diagnosed?

Given the many different causes and symptoms, diagnosing depression is tough. But depression blood tests are the first step toward diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnosing depression is often a two-part approach. A blood test can help narrow down the diagnosis. It can also help rule out other health issues.

You will need to have a consultation with a medical provider. A doctor will perform a physical exam and an interview to create a diagnosis. They will review your symptoms and test results with you before giving you your diagnosis.

The Lab Tests to Screen, Diagnose, and Monitor Depression

The causes and symptoms of depression can vary wildly. Starting with a lab test is an easy way to start to come to a diagnosis. And you don't need a doctor's approval or health insurance, either.

Studies in using lab tests to diagnose depression continue to uncover new information. But you can get started with tests for disorders like anemia or thyroid disease. Both of these conditions can be the cause of depression.

You can also take tests to assess your digestive health. Poor gut health is another common cause of depression.

Once you have a diagnosis and cause, treatment becomes much easier. With the help of a professional, you can begin making lifestyle changes to improve the condition. You can also take regular tests to monitor your progress.

Frequently Asked Questions About Depression and Lab Tests for Depression

How do I know if I have depression?

Watch for common signs of depression, such as being sad for a long period. If you are disinterested or anxious for a long time, you might be depressed. Undergoing a lab test can help you determine if you have depression for sure.

Do I need health insurance to get diagnosed?

Lab tests do not require health insurance or a referral from a doctor. You can simply purchase the tests you need with Ulta Lab Tests, and then schedule an appointment for your specimen collection at one of our authorized patient service centers near you.

How is depression treated?

There are many different causes of depression. Sometimes therapy may help treat depression. Other times, lifestyle changes like diet and meditation may help. Once you have a diagnosis, talk with your doctor to determine what treatment is best for you.

How long do lab tests for depression take?

Lab test results can come back within a few business days. After you purchase a test, you will need to schedule an appointment locally. Your results will be available online in your secure and confidential patient portal in 24 to 48 hours for most tests.

You Don't Need to Live with Depression

Combating your depression can feel hopeless at times. There is a path to healing, however, which starts with ordering lab tests for depression.

Finally, having a diagnosis is the first step to feeling better. Life has so much to offer, and when you rid yourself of depression, you can take advantage of it all. Order a test today to get started!