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The Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes Test measures different forms of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood to determine their source, such as liver, bone, intestine, or placenta. Doctors use this test to evaluate abnormal ALP results, identify liver disease, bile duct obstruction, bone disorders like Paget’s disease, or certain cancers. It helps distinguish between conditions and guides accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
The Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Test evaluates levels of BSAP, an enzyme produced by osteoblasts during bone formation. Abnormal results may reflect osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, rickets, or other metabolic bone disorders. This test supports assessment of bone turnover, skeletal remodeling, and overall bone health, offering valuable information about metabolic activity in musculoskeletal function.
The ALP Test measures alkaline phosphatase enzyme levels in blood to evaluate liver, bone, and bile duct health. High ALP may indicate liver disease, bile duct obstruction, bone disorders, or certain cancers, while low levels may suggest malnutrition or deficiency. Doctors order this test to investigate symptoms like fatigue, abdominal pain, or bone pain and often pair it with other liver function tests. Results provide key insight into metabolic and organ health.
The GGT Test measures gamma-glutamyl transferase, an enzyme found in the liver and bile ducts, to evaluate liver health. Elevated GGT may indicate liver disease, bile duct obstruction, alcohol use, or medication side effects. Doctors order this test to investigate symptoms like fatigue, jaundice, dark urine, or abdominal pain and to monitor liver damage. It is often performed with other liver tests to provide a complete picture of liver and bile duct function.
The ALT Test measures alanine aminotransferase, an enzyme mainly found in the liver. Elevated ALT may indicate liver damage from hepatitis, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, alcohol use, or medication effects. Doctors order this test to evaluate symptoms such as fatigue, abdominal pain, or jaundice and often pair it with AST for accurate liver assessment. Results provide essential insight into liver health, enzyme activity, and overall metabolic function.
The Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) Plasma Test measures 21 markers of kidney, liver, and metabolic health, including electrolytes, glucose, calcium, proteins, and enzymes. Doctors order this test to evaluate conditions like diabetes, liver disease, and kidney disorders or to monitor treatment. Results provide critical insight into organ function, electrolyte balance, and overall metabolic status, guiding diagnosis, management, and preventive health care.
The Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) Test measures 21 markers to assess metabolic health, liver and kidney function, and electrolyte balance. It includes glucose, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, CO2, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, total protein, bilirubin, ALP, AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine, BUN/creatinine ratio, and eGFR. The CMP helps detect diabetes, liver or kidney disease, and supports routine screening and chronic condition monitoring.
The Actin Smooth Muscle IgG Antibody Test detects autoantibodies against smooth muscle actin, often linked to autoimmune hepatitis and chronic liver disease. Elevated levels may indicate liver inflammation, cirrhosis, or other autoimmune conditions. Doctors use this blood test with liver panels and additional antibody tests to aid in diagnosis, monitor disease progression, and guide treatment decisions for patients with suspected autoimmune liver disorders.
The Collagen Type I C-Telopeptide (CTX) Test measures CTX fragments released during bone breakdown, making it a key marker of bone resorption. Elevated levels may indicate osteoporosis, metabolic bone disease, or increased fracture risk. Doctors order this test to monitor bone loss, evaluate treatment for osteoporosis, or assess bone health in postmenopausal women. Results provide vital insight into bone turnover and long-term skeletal health management.
The Hepatic Function Panel without Total Proteins Test measures key liver health markers, including albumin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, ALT, and AST. Doctors use this panel to detect liver disease, monitor damage from hepatitis, alcohol, or medications, and evaluate bile duct function. By excluding total protein, the test focuses on specific enzymes and metabolites that provide insight into liver performance and overall function.
The Hepatitis A IgM Antibody Test is a qualitative blood test that detects IgM antibodies to the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and reports results as Reactive or Non-Reactive. A reactive result usually indicates a recent or current hepatitis A infection, while a non-reactive result means no active infection. Doctors use this test to confirm acute hepatitis A in patients with symptoms like jaundice, nausea, fatigue, or abdominal pain and to guide timely treatment and prevention.
The Mitochondrial Antibody with Reflex to Titer Test detects antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs), most commonly linked to primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), an autoimmune liver disease. If antibodies are present, reflex titers measure their level for greater diagnostic detail. Doctors use this test to investigate unexplained liver abnormalities, chronic fatigue, or jaundice, helping confirm autoimmune liver disease and guide long-term management.
The Osteocalcin N-MID Test evaluates blood levels of osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation secreted by osteoblasts. Abnormal values may reflect osteoporosis, metabolic bone disease, or hormonal influences on bone remodeling. As a sensitive indicator of bone turnover, this test helps track skeletal health, monitor treatment effectiveness, and support early detection of disorders affecting bone density and metabolism.
The Albumin Test measures albumin, the main protein made by the liver that maintains fluid balance and transports hormones, vitamins, and medications. Low albumin may indicate liver disease, kidney problems, malnutrition, or chronic inflammation, while high levels may reflect dehydration. Doctors order this test to evaluate swelling, fatigue, or abnormal labs. Results provide key insight into nutritional status, liver and kidney function, and overall metabolic health.
The Ammonia Plasma Test measures ammonia levels in blood to evaluate liver function and metabolic health. Elevated ammonia may result from liver disease, cirrhosis, Reye’s syndrome, or urea cycle disorders, causing confusion or altered mental status. Doctors order this test for patients with unexplained behavioral changes, lethargy, or suspected hepatic encephalopathy. Results provide key insight into liver function, metabolic disorders, and treatment monitoring.
The Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Test measures LDH enzyme levels in blood to assess tissue damage and overall health. Elevated LDH may indicate conditions such as liver disease, heart attack, anemia, infections, or certain cancers, while low levels are uncommon. Doctors use this test to help diagnose disease, monitor treatment effectiveness, and track cell damage. It provides valuable insight into metabolic activity and organ function.
The AST Test measures aspartate aminotransferase, an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscles, and other tissues. Elevated AST may indicate liver disease, heart attack, muscle injury, or other organ damage. Doctors order this test to evaluate symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, or jaundice and often pair it with ALT for accurate liver assessment. Results provide key insight into liver function, muscle health, and overall metabolic balance.
The Hepatic Function Panel Test measures liver enzymes, proteins, and bilirubin to assess liver health and function. It includes ALT, AST, ALP, albumin, total protein, and bilirubin levels. Abnormal results may indicate hepatitis, cirrhosis, fatty liver, or bile duct problems. Doctors use this test to investigate jaundice, nausea, abdominal pain, or fatigue and to monitor liver disease, alcohol use, or medication side effects affecting liver function.
