Scleroderma Antibody (Scl-70)

The Scleroderma Antibody (Scl-70) test contains 1 test with 1 biomarker.

Brief Description: The Scleroderma Antibody test is a specialized laboratory test used to detect antibodies commonly associated with scleroderma and related disorders. Scleroderma, also known as systemic sclerosis, is an autoimmune disease characterized by the hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. The presence of specific antibodies can offer insights into the diagnosis, prognosis, and potential complications associated with this condition.

Collection Method: Blood Draw

Specimen Type: Serum

Test Preparation: No preparation required

When and Why the Scleroderma Antibody Test May be Ordered

Healthcare providers might order the Scleroderma Antibody test when a patient presents with symptoms suggestive of scleroderma. These symptoms can include skin thickening, Raynaud's phenomenon (fingers and toes turning white or blue in response to cold or emotional distress), joint pain, and gastrointestinal problems. The test can help differentiate scleroderma from other autoimmune or rheumatological diseases that might have overlapping symptoms.

What the Scleroderma Antibody Test Checks For

When a Scl-70 Antibody test is ordered, it's usually part of a broader evaluation of autoimmune and connective tissue diseases. Here are some tests commonly ordered alongside it:

1. Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) Test:

   • Purpose: To detect antibodies that target the body’s own cells, indicating an autoimmune process.
   • Why Is It Ordered: ANA is often positive in systemic sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. A positive ANA test supports the diagnosis of an autoimmune disorder.

2. RNA Polymerase III Antibodies:

   • Purpose: To detect another specific antibody often found in systemic sclerosis.
   • Why Is It Ordered: Presence of these antibodies can be associated with a different pattern of disease involvement in systemic sclerosis.

3. Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential:

   • Purpose: To evaluate overall blood health.
   • Why Is It Ordered: To check for anemia or other blood cell abnormalities that can occur in autoimmune diseases.

4. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP):

   • Purpose: To measure markers of inflammation in the body.
   • Why Is It Ordered: To assess for systemic inflammation, which can be present in autoimmune diseases.

5. Kidney Function Test:

   • Purpose: To assess kidney function.
   • Why Is It Ordered: To evaluate kidney health, as scleroderma can affect the kidneys.

These tests, when ordered alongside a Scleroderma Scl-70 Antibody test, provide a comprehensive evaluation of systemic sclerosis. They help in confirming the diagnosis, assessing the extent and severity of organ involvement, and monitoring the progression of the disease. The specific combination of tests will depend on the individual’s symptoms, clinical presentation, and the organs affected.

Other Lab Tests Ordered Alongside the Scleroderma Antibody Test

When assessing a potential case of scleroderma or related disorders, the Scleroderma Antibody test is typically part of a broader diagnostic workup. Other tests that might be ordered include:

• ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) Test: This test detects the presence of antinuclear antibodies, which can be found in various autoimmune conditions, including scleroderma.
• Complete Blood Count (CBC): Evaluates overall health and can detect conditions such as anemia.
• ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) and CRP (C-Reactive Protein): Markers of inflammation that can be elevated in many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.
• Pulmonary Function Tests: These assess lung function, as lung involvement is a concern in scleroderma.
• Organ-specific tests: Based on symptoms and the suspected involvement of certain organs, tests such as echocardiograms or kidney function tests might be ordered.

Conditions Necessitating the Scleroderma Antibody Test

While the primary condition associated with the Scleroderma Antibody test is scleroderma (systemic sclerosis), the test might also be used to help diagnose other connective tissue diseases that have overlapping symptoms, such as mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) or undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD).

Usage of Scleroderma Antibody Test Results by Health Care Providers

Clinicians utilize the results of the Scleroderma Antibody test to aid in the diagnosis of scleroderma and its subtypes. The presence of specific antibodies can not only help confirm the diagnosis but can also offer prognostic information, informing the physician about potential complications or disease progression. For instance, the presence of anti-Scl-70 might indicate a higher risk of lung involvement, leading to more frequent lung assessments. Conversely, a negative result does not necessarily rule out scleroderma but may lead the clinician to consider other potential diagnoses or evaluate the patient's symptoms in a different context. As with many autoimmune conditions, the diagnosis and management of scleroderma involve a combination of clinical assessment, laboratory findings, and other diagnostic tests.

Most Common Questions About the Scleroderma Antibody test:

Purpose and Indications for the Scleroderma Antibody Test

Why is the Scleroderma Antibody test performed?

The Scleroderma Antibody test is primarily conducted to help diagnose scleroderma, an autoimmune disorder characterized by skin thickening and fibrosis. This test detects the presence of antibodies commonly associated with the condition, offering valuable information about the type and severity of the disease.

Can the Scleroderma Antibody test differentiate between different types of scleroderma?

Yes, the test can often help differentiate between localized and systemic scleroderma by detecting specific antibodies related to each type. Certain antibodies are more prevalent in specific forms of scleroderma and associated with particular clinical manifestations.

Interpreting the Results

What do positive results indicate in the Scleroderma Antibody test?

A positive result indicates the presence of antibodies associated with scleroderma. However, it's essential to note that the presence of these antibodies alone doesn't confirm a diagnosis of scleroderma. It's one piece of the diagnostic puzzle, used in conjunction with clinical symptoms and other diagnostic tests.

If I test negative, does that mean I don’t have scleroderma?

Not necessarily. While the Scleroderma Antibody test is a valuable tool, no test is perfect. It's possible for individuals with scleroderma to test negative, especially in the early stages of the disease. If symptoms suggest scleroderma, the test might be repeated or complemented with other diagnostic measures.

Follow-up and Treatment

What should be the next step after receiving positive results from the Scleroderma Antibody test?

If you receive a positive result, it's crucial to consult with a rheumatologist or dermatologist familiar with scleroderma. They can provide a comprehensive assessment, recommend further diagnostic tests if necessary, and guide treatment options based on the type and severity of the condition.

Can the Scleroderma Antibody test results guide treatment options?

Yes, the type of antibody detected can often influence treatment strategies. Some antibodies are associated with more severe forms of the disease or specific organ involvement, necessitating more aggressive treatment. Regular monitoring might be recommended to track disease progression and response to treatment.

Disease Progression and Complications

How often should the Scleroderma Antibody test be repeated?

The frequency of testing varies based on individual circumstances. For those already diagnosed with scleroderma, the test might be repeated to monitor disease progression or before starting a new treatment. For individuals at risk or with borderline results, periodic testing can be a precautionary measure.

Can the Scleroderma Antibody test predict complications or disease progression?

To some extent, yes. The presence of specific antibodies can suggest a higher risk for certain complications, such as lung or kidney involvement. Regular monitoring and early intervention can help manage and mitigate these risks.

We advise having your results reviewed by a licensed medical healthcare professional for proper interpretation of your results.