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The CA 19-9 Test measures levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in blood, a tumor marker often elevated in pancreatic cancer and sometimes in bile duct, colorectal, or liver cancers. While not used alone for diagnosis, it helps monitor treatment, track disease progression, and detect recurrence. Elevated CA 19-9 may also occur in noncancerous conditions. Doctors use this test to support cancer management and guide therapy decisions.

The PSA Free and Total Test measures prostate-specific antigen in blood, reporting both free and total PSA to help evaluate prostate health. It is used to screen for prostate cancer, differentiate between cancer and benign conditions like prostatitis or enlarged prostate (BPH), and monitor treatment. Doctors order this test for men with urinary symptoms or at risk of prostate disease. Results provide key insight into prostate function and overall men’s health.

The Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Test measures LDH enzyme levels in blood to assess tissue damage and overall health. Elevated LDH may indicate conditions such as liver disease, heart attack, anemia, infections, or certain cancers, while low levels are uncommon. Doctors use this test to help diagnose disease, monitor treatment effectiveness, and track cell damage. It provides valuable insight into metabolic activity and organ function.

The Complete Blood Count with Differential and Platelets Test is a comprehensive blood test that checks red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets. The differential analyzes types of white blood cells to detect infections, anemia, clotting abnormalities, immune conditions, and certain cancers. This essential test is often ordered for routine health exams, diagnosis, and monitoring treatment progress.

The CEA Test measures carcinoembryonic antigen levels in blood, a protein that may be elevated in certain cancers, especially colorectal, pancreatic, lung, breast, or ovarian cancer. It is not used alone for diagnosis but helps monitor cancer treatment, detect recurrence, and track disease progression. Elevated CEA can also occur in noncancerous conditions. Doctors use this test to support therapy decisions and provide insight into cancer management.

The Thyroglobulin Antibodies (TgAb) Test detects antibodies that attack thyroglobulin, a protein essential for thyroid hormone production. Elevated levels may indicate autoimmune thyroid disorders such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease. Doctors order this test to evaluate symptoms like fatigue, weight changes, neck swelling, or irregular heartbeat and to confirm thyroid disease. It provides key insight into autoimmune activity and overall thyroid function.

The Amylase Test measures amylase enzyme levels in blood to evaluate pancreatic and digestive health. Elevated amylase may indicate pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, intestinal blockage, or salivary gland disorders, while low levels may suggest chronic pancreatitis or liver damage. Doctors order this test to investigate abdominal pain, nausea, or fever. Results provide vital insight into pancreatic function, digestive disorders, and overall metabolic health.

The Fecal Globin by Immunochemistry Test detects hidden (occult) blood in stool using antibodies that identify human globin protein. This test helps screen for colorectal cancer, polyps, ulcers, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Doctors order it when patients have anemia, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits. Results provide early detection of digestive tract bleeding, guiding further evaluation with colonoscopy or other diagnostic procedures.

The hCG Total Quantitative Test measures human chorionic gonadotropin levels in blood to confirm pregnancy and monitor its progression. It provides exact hCG values, helping detect ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage risk, and abnormal growths like trophoblastic disease. Doctors also use it to track fertility treatments and evaluate certain cancers. This test offers precise insight into pregnancy health, reproductive function, and overall hormone balance.

The Gastrin Test measures gastrin hormone levels in blood, which regulate stomach acid production. Elevated levels may indicate Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastrinoma, pernicious anemia, or chronic atrophic gastritis. Doctors order this test for patients with recurrent ulcers, abdominal pain, or unexplained diarrhea. Results help evaluate abnormal acid production, detect tumors, and guide treatment for gastrointestinal and metabolic conditions.

The Calcitonin Test measures levels of calcitonin, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that helps regulate calcium. Elevated levels are often linked to medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or other thyroid disorders, while normal results help rule out disease. Doctors use this blood test to aid in early detection, monitor treatment effectiveness, and track recurrence in patients with thyroid cancer or suspected endocrine abnormalities.

The DCP Test detects des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin, an abnormal form of prothrombin linked to hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver disorders. Elevated levels may reflect tumor activity, chronic liver disease, or cirrhosis. This test provides valuable information for assessing liver function, monitoring cancer progression, and evaluating systemic health in patients with hepatic disease.