Metabolism

Metabolism Tests show how your body turns food into energy and how well key systems—glucose control, fats, thyroid, liver, and electrolytes—are working. Many metabolic problems develop quietly and first appear as abnormal labs before symptoms. Proactive testing can reveal insulin resistance, unhealthy lipid patterns, low-grade inflammation, or thyroid shifts that affect weight, energy, and long-term heart risk.

A practical starting point is A1c/fasting glucosefasting insulin, a lipid panel (with ApoB and Lp(a) for risk refinement), hs-CRP, and a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) for electrolytes, kidney, and liver function. Add thyroid tests (TSH ± free T4), ALT/AST/GGT for fatty-liver risk, vitamin D, and uric acid when indicated. These tests support screeningdiagnostic triage, and monitoring but do not replace a clinician’s evaluation or individualized care.

Signs, Symptoms & Related Situations

  • Energy & weight: fatigue, low stamina, central weight gain, difficulty losing weight

  • Glucose cues: frequent thirst/urination, cravings, mid-afternoon slumps

  • Lipid/heart clues: family history of early heart disease, high triglycerides, low HDL

  • Thyroid hints: cold intolerance, hair thinning, constipation, palpitations

  • Liver/metabolic: elevated ALT on prior labs, waist circumference above goal

  • Lifestyle/meds: sedentary time, sleep apnea risk, alcohol use, long-term steroids or antipsychotics

  • Urgent care now: chest pain, severe shortness of breath, confusion, or signs of stroke

Symptoms and risks should be reviewed by a qualified clinician.

Why These Tests Matter

What testing can do

  • Quantify insulin resistance and glucose control (A1c, fasting glucose/insulin)

  • Refine cardiovascular risk beyond standard cholesterol (ApoB, Lp(a), triglycerides/HDL)

  • Flag fatty-liver and systemic inflammation (ALT/AST/GGT, hs-CRP)

  • Identify thyroid-related contributors to energy and weight (TSH ± free T4)

  • Track trends so you can see how changes in diet, activity, and sleep affect your numbers

What testing cannot do

  • Diagnose conditions without clinical context or replace a physical exam

  • Provide treatment or dosing advice

  • Predict outcomes with certainty—results guide risk, not destiny

What These Tests Measure (at a glance)

  • A1c • Fasting Glucose • Fasting Insulin: long- and short-term glucose control; many clinicians use these to estimate insulin resistance.

  • Lipid Panel: triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C; high triglycerides/low HDL often track with insulin resistance.

  • ApoB & Lp(a): risk-refining lipoprotein markers beyond standard cholesterol.

  • hs-CRP (steady state): systemic inflammation context (avoid testing during illness).

  • CMP: electrolytes (sodium, potassium, CO2), creatinine/eGFRBUNglucosealbuminAST/ALTbilirubin.

  • Liver fat signals: ALT, AST, GGT; persistent elevation can align with metabolic-associated fatty liver.

  • Thyroid: TSH ± free T4 (± free T3 when directed) for metabolic rate context.

  • Vitamin D (25-OH): bone/muscle and metabolic support.

  • Uric Acid: can rise in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

  • Magnesium (± RBC Mg): muscle/nerve function; low levels may accompany poor metabolic control.

Quick Build Guide

Goal / Scenario Start with Add if needed
Wellness metabolic baseline A1c • Fasting glucose • Lipid panel • CMP • hs-CRP ApoB • Lp(a) • Vitamin D
Insulin resistance check A1c • Fasting glucose • Fasting insulin Lipid panel • ALT/AST • Magnesium
Heart-risk refinement Lipid panel • hs-CRP ApoB • Lp(a)
Fatty-liver suspicion (elevated ALT/GGT) CMP (ALT/AST/GGT) • A1c • Lipids Ferritin • Hepatitis screens(clinician-directed)
Thyroid-type symptoms TSH Free T4 (± Free T3)
Weight plateau review A1c • Fasting insulin • Lipids • CMP Thyroid • Vitamin D • Uric acid

How the Testing Process Works

  1. Pick your starting set: use the Quick Build Guide to match tests to your goals.

  2. Prepare for accuracy: fast 8–12 hours if your order includes fasting glucose/insulin or lipids; avoid strenuous exercise and heavy alcohol the day before.

  3. Provide samples: standard blood draw.

  4. Get secure results: most panels post within a few days.

  5. Plan next steps: review with your clinician; adjust nutrition, activity, sleep, and monitoring cadence.

Interpreting Results (General Guidance)

  • A1c or fasting insulin high: supports insulin resistance; track trends after lifestyle changes.

  • Triglycerides down / HDL up: often favorable; ApoB best reflects atherogenic particle burden.

  • ALT/AST or GGT elevated: consider metabolic-associated fatty liver risk; confirm persistence and context.

  • hs-CRP elevated (outside illness): suggests higher inflammatory tone; interpret with other risk markers.

  • TSH outside range: thyroid imbalance can affect energy, weight, and lipids.
    Always interpret results with a qualified healthcare professional; patterns over time matter more than any single number.

Choosing Panels vs. Individual Tests

  • Core metabolism panel: A1c • Fasting glucose • Fasting insulin • Lipid panel • hs-CRP • CMP

  • Risk-refining add-ons: ApoB • Lp(a)

  • Organ-specific add-ons: ALT/AST/GGT • Vitamin D • TSH ± Free T4 • Uric acid • Magnesium
    Choose bundled panels for efficient screening; add individual markers to answer targeted questions and monitor progress.

FAQs

Do I need to fast?
Yes if your panel includes fasting glucose/insulin or lipids; otherwise fasting is usually not required.

What’s the best test for insulin resistance?
There isn’t just one. Many clinicians use A1cfasting glucose, and fasting insulin together and follow trends.

Are ApoB and Lp(a) necessary?
They refine risk beyond standard cholesterol, especially with family history or borderline results.

Can abnormal ALT mean fatty liver?
Persistently high ALT (± GGT) can align with metabolic-associated fatty liver, but imaging/clinical review confirms.

How often should I recheck?
Commonly every 3–6 months when making changes; your clinician will set the interval.

Will supplements change my labs?
They can. List all supplements and medicines on your order to aid interpretation.

Related Categories & Key Tests

  • Nutrition & Wellness Tests Hub

  • Metabolic Syndrome • Diabetes Health • Cholesterol Tests • Dietary Fatty Acids Tests • Diet Tests • All Vitamin & Mineral Deficiency Tests • Liver Health Tests

  • Key Tests: A1c • Fasting Glucose • Fasting Insulin • Lipid Panel • ApoB • Lp(a) • hs-CRP • CMP (electrolytes, creatinine/eGFR, BUN, AST/ALT, bilirubin, albumin) • ALT/AST/GGT • TSH ± Free T4 • Vitamin D (25-OH) • Uric Acid • Magnesium (± RBC)

References

  • American Diabetes Association — Standards of Care in Diabetes.
  • American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association — Cholesterol guideline and risk assessment.
  • AASLD/EASL — Guidance on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease evaluation.
  • American Thyroid Association — Thyroid function testing guidance.
  • Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics — Lifestyle and medical nutrition therapy for metabolic health.
  • Clinical reviews on ApoB/Lp(a), hs-CRP, and insulin resistance assessment.

Available Tests & Panels

Your Metabolism Tests menu is pre-populated in the Ulta Lab Tests system. Start with a core metabolism panel and use filters to add ApoB, Lp(a)ALT/AST/GGTthyroidvitamin Duric acid, or magnesium based on your goals. Follow any fasting instructions and review results with your clinician to tailor your plan and set a monitoring schedule.

 

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The Vitamin B1 Blood Micronutrient Test measures thiamine levels in the blood to assess nutritional status and detect deficiencies. Thiamine is essential for energy production, nerve function, and carbohydrate metabolism. This test helps identify malnutrition, absorption disorders, or risk from poor diet or alcohol use, supporting diagnosis and management of overall health.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.
Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Thiamine Blood Test

The Vitamin B12 Micronutrient Test measures blood levels of vitamin B12, essential for red blood cell production, nerve health, and DNA synthesis. Deficiency can cause anemia, fatigue, neurological issues, and cognitive changes. This test helps identify dietary deficiencies, absorption problems, or related health conditions, supporting diagnosis and ongoing management of overall wellness.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.
Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: B12 Test, Cobalamin Test

Most Popular

The Vitamin B12 Test measures cobalamin levels in blood to evaluate nutritional health, red blood cell production, and nervous system function. Low B12 can cause anemia, fatigue, weakness, memory problems, and nerve damage, while high levels may indicate liver or kidney disease. Doctors use this test to detect B12 deficiency, monitor treatment, and assess malabsorption conditions like pernicious anemia, Crohn’s disease, or celiac disease.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: B12 Test, Cobalamin Test

The Vitamin B2 Micronutrient Test measures riboflavin levels in the blood to evaluate nutritional status and detect deficiencies. Riboflavin is vital for energy production, red blood cell function, and the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. This test helps identify dietary insufficiency, malabsorption issues, or increased nutrient needs, supporting overall health assessment and management.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.
Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Riboflavin Test

Most Popular

The Vitamin B2 Test measures riboflavin levels in the blood to assess nutritional status. Riboflavin is essential for energy metabolism, red blood cell production, and maintaining healthy skin, eyes, and nerves. Low levels may result from poor diet, malabsorption, or chronic illness, leading to fatigue, mouth sores, or anemia. Doctors use this test to detect deficiency, monitor supplementation, and support overall metabolic and nutritional health.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Riboflavin Test

The Vitamin B5 Micronutrient Test measures pantothenic acid levels in the blood to evaluate nutritional status. Vitamin B5 is essential for energy metabolism, hormone production, and synthesis of fats, proteins, and neurotransmitters. This test helps detect deficiencies or imbalances caused by poor diet, malabsorption, or increased nutrient needs, supporting overall health and metabolic function.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.
Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Pantothenic Acid Test

Most Popular

The Vitamin B5 Test measures pantothenic acid levels in the blood to assess nutritional status and detect deficiencies. Vitamin B5 is essential for energy metabolism, hormone production, and synthesis of coenzyme A. Low levels may cause fatigue, irritability, digestive upset, or neurological issues, often linked to poor diet or malabsorption. Doctors use this test to confirm deficiency, guide supplementation, and monitor overall metabolic and nutritional health.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Pantothenic Acid Test

The Vitamin C Micronutrient Test measures blood levels of ascorbic acid to assess nutritional status and detect deficiencies. Vitamin C is vital for immune defense, collagen formation, wound healing, and antioxidant protection. This test helps identify poor dietary intake, absorption issues, or increased needs due to illness or stress, supporting diagnosis and management of overall health.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.
Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Ascorbic Acid Test

Most Popular

The Vitamin C Test measures blood levels of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), an essential nutrient for immune defense, wound healing, collagen production, and antioxidant protection. Low levels may indicate poor diet, malabsorption, or scurvy, while high levels may occur with excess supplementation. Doctors order this test for patients with fatigue, bleeding gums, or poor wound healing. Results help assess nutritional status and guide treatment or dietary adjustments.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Ascorbic Acid Test

The Vitamin D 25-Hydroxy Total Test measures levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in blood to evaluate vitamin D status, bone health, and calcium balance. It helps detect deficiency, insufficiency, or toxicity, which can affect immune function, muscle strength, and risk of osteoporosis. Doctors use this test to assess overall nutritional health, monitor supplementation, and support diagnosis of metabolic or endocrine disorders linked to vitamin D.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: 25-hydroxyvitamin D Test, Vitamin D 25-OH Test, Total 25-OH D Test

The QuestAssureD™ Vitamin D 25-Hydroxy Total Test measures Vitamin D2, Vitamin D3, and total 25-hydroxy vitamin D to assess overall vitamin D status. Adequate vitamin D supports bone strength, calcium absorption, immune health, and muscle function. Low levels may cause osteoporosis, weakness, or increased disease risk, while high levels can indicate toxicity. Doctors use this test to diagnose deficiency, monitor supplementation, and evaluate metabolic and endocrine health.

Blood
Blood Draw
Also Known As: Vitamin D Test, Ergocalciferol Test, Vitamin D2 Test, Cholecalciferol Test, Vitamin D3 Test, Calcidiol Test, 25-hydroxyvitamin D Test, Calcifidiol Test, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D Test, Vitamin D Total Test

Urine
Urine Collection

Blood
Blood Draw, Phlebotomist

Blood
Blood Draw, Phlebotomist

The B Vitamins Micronutrients Test Panel measures levels of Folate, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B12 to evaluate nutritional status and detect deficiencies. B vitamins are essential for energy production, metabolism, red blood cell formation, nervous system health, and DNA synthesis. This panel helps identify imbalances from poor diet, malabsorption, or increased nutrient needs, supporting overall health management.

Patient must be 18 years of age or older.

Blood
Blood Draw, Phlebotomist

Blood
Blood Draw

Blood
Blood Draw

The Differences Between Fast Metabolism and Slow Metabolism Tests

If you've got a metabolism that you just can't figure out, we understand. Everyone's metabolism is different. Plus, your metabolism can change over time and often does. You've probably noticed that you gain weight easier now that you're older than you did when you were in your teens, and this is completely normal. In fact, this is typical for many people. However, if you're a younger person and gain weight easily, there's no need to fret, as that's also common.

You've probably heard that people with a fast metabolism can eat anything and get away with it -- but why is this? How does a person's metabolism work? What is metabolism testing? We know you probably have a lot of questions, so without any further ado let's dive in. 

Fast Metabolism Vs. Slow Metabolism

Metabolism is a term that's thrown around quite a bit, but for all intents and purposes, it describes the internal process of how your body uses energy and gets rid of calories. This includes blood circulating through the body, breathing, and your organs functioning. A person with a fast metabolism might have a body with more muscle mass that uses more energy to perform everyday tasks than someone with a slow metabolism, meaning they need to consume more calories to keep everything stable. Think of a fast metabolism as a gas-guzzling pickup truck and a slow metabolism as a fuel-efficient smart car -- the pickup truck needs more fuel to function!

Someone with a fast metabolism burns calories faster naturally, while someone with a slow metabolism burns them more slowly. However, most people have average metabolisms, meaning they align with the 2,000 calorie diet which is recommended for most people. 

What this means is two people with different metabolisms who eat the same amount of food will absorb calories differently. A young, busy athlete might need to eat twice as much as someone ten years older who lives a sedentary lifestyle to maintain the same amount of weight as them. However, age plays a key role in how your metabolism functions. Typically speaking, the older you get, the more your metabolism slows down. 

What Determines the Kind of Metabolism You Have? 

This news might be disappointing, but your metabolism is mostly influenced by genetics. Since you can't do much to change your DNA, there's no real way to alter how your metabolism functions. However, diet and exercise play huge roles in how your body absorbs nutrients and converts food into energy, so knowing what kind of metabolism you have can make it much easier to achieve your ideal weight or maintain a healthy lifestyle -- regardless of the metabolism you were born with. 

How Can You Find Out What Kind of Metabolism You Have?

If you find yourself full after smaller meals or don't seem to need to eat that much to live a normal life, then you might have a slow metabolism. The same is true if you don't feel like you eat that much but still struggle with weight gain or find it difficult to lose weight. However, it would be best to consider how much exercise you get and examine the amount of calories you're taking in on average. You might not need that much fuel because you don't use that much energy on a regular basis. However, if you're constantly hungry and can snack all day and never seem to gain any weight, then you probably have a faster metabolism. 

Metabolism tests are, without a doubt, the easiest way to know for sure what kind of metabolism you're working with. While it's fairly obvious for most people, sometimes other factors get in the way and make it difficult to know for sure. Factors that can affect how your metabolism functions include the kind of food you're eating, the amount of activity you perform every day, and any illnesses or medical conditions you might have. Metabolism tests can set your mind at ease and confirm whether you have a fast metabolism or a slow one. 

What Kinds of Metabolic Testing Is There? 

Lab Tests

While home tests might seem to be a convenient option when it comes to conducting any sort of test, this isn't really the case. They come with a list of problems. First and foremost, they are not entirely reliable. The samples are not collected by trained technicians in an appropriate environment. It's very easy for at-home tests to show incorrect results. Second, those tests are not generally accepted by doctors and hospitals. If you were to show those results to your doctor, they would most likely recommend that you repeat the testing with a blood draw at a national lab. Third, only a limited number of tests are available that restrict the insight into your health.

Our comprehensive metabolic testing solution does not suffer from any of these problems. All of our tests are considered highly accurate and reliable. They are also accepted by all doctors and health organizations, unlike at-home tests. Why? Because the samples are gathered and tested in the same way as doctors expect them to be. All samples are handled by certified professionals in a certified institution. All of those certifications help guarantee quality and accuracy.

Metabolic Discovery Panel - It contains 8 tests with 68 biomarkers. This comprehensive set of tests helps assess your metabolism. Are you storing too much fat and sugar or perhaps too little? Are you insulin resistant with subsequent inflammation? You can run this panel to discover whether your diet, fitness, and nutritional habits are providing you the metabolic health and longevity you deserve. Don't settle for one-size-fits-all health advice. Your diet, fitness lifestyle, and nutritional intake should improve your energy, weight, and inner metabolic health. But don't merely trust it's working. Run this Metabolic Discovery panel quarterly to take a snapshot of your insulin response, blood sugars, and lipids and adjust your lifestyle based upon your results.

  • CBC (includes Differential and Platelets)
  • Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) includes fasting Glucose
  • Ferritin
  • Hemoglobin A1c
  • Insulin
  • Lipid Panel with Ratios
  • Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
  • Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy, Total, Immunoassay

The Metabolic Discovery Comprehensive Panel - It contains 15 tests with 78 biomarkers and all of the tests in the Metabolic Discovery Panel, plus:

  • Adiponectin
  • Iron and Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC)
  • Leptin
  • T3, Free
  • T4, Free
  • TSH

Metabolism Lab Panel - it contains 6 tests with 27 biomarkers.

  • Fasting Insulin
  • Glucose (In CMP)
  • Hemoglobin A1c
  • TSH
  • Free T3
  • Free T4
  • Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)

RMR Testing

There are various methods used to test what kind of metabolism a person has. These include determining a person's resting metabolic rate, or RMR. This refers to how many calories your body burns while at rest. Someone with a faster metabolism will burn more calories while doing nothing at all. 

VO2 Max Testing

Another kind of metabolic testing measures your maximum volume of oxygen, or VO2 Max, which refers to how your body utilizes oxygen while exercising. An athletic person will have a higher VO2 max and therefore have a higher capacity for high-intensity exercise, while someone who doesn't exercise all that much won't use oxygen as effectively. 

Lactate Threshold Testing

When your muscles become fatigued, this is due to a buildup of lactic acid, which your body makes when it can't use oxygen to produce energy. Usually, a buildup occurs during exercise. While your body naturally eliminates lactic acid, when exercising you will eventually reach a point where your body is making too much to be eliminated, causing you to become tired and your muscles to feel strained, stiff, and tired. Your lactate threshold refers to when your body is producing lactic acid in the blood faster than it can eliminate it. 

How Do I Test My Metabolism? 

Ulta Lab Tests offers highly accurate and reliable tests so you can make informed decisions about your health.

  • Secure and confidential results
  • No insurance referral is needed
  • Affordable pricing
  • 100% satisfaction guarantee

Order your metabolism lab tests today, and your results will be provided to you securely and confidentially online in 24 to 48 hours for most tests.

Take control of your health today with Ulta Lab Tests.