Stroke

The Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) Test measures how long it takes blood to clot, evaluating clotting factors and overall coagulation function. Abnormal results may indicate bleeding disorders, hemophilia, liver disease, or clotting factor deficiencies. Doctors also use this test to monitor patients on heparin therapy. Results provide essential insight into blood clotting, bleeding risk, and treatment management for safe medical care.

The Prothrombin Time with INR Test measures how long it takes blood to clot and calculates the international normalized ratio (INR) for accuracy. It is commonly used to monitor patients on blood-thinning medications like warfarin and to evaluate bleeding disorders, liver disease, or vitamin K deficiency. Doctors order this test to investigate easy bruising, frequent nosebleeds, or prolonged bleeding and to ensure safe and effective anticoagulant therapy.

The Prothrombin with INR and Partial Thromboplastin Times Test measures how long blood takes to clot by evaluating PT, INR, and aPTT. Abnormal results may indicate clotting disorders, liver disease, vitamin K deficiency, or risk of bleeding and thrombosis. Doctors use this test to monitor patients on blood thinners like warfarin, assess unexplained bleeding, and evaluate clotting function. It provides critical insight into coagulation and overall blood health.

The Complete Blood Count with Differential and Platelets Test is a comprehensive blood test that checks red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets. The differential analyzes types of white blood cells to detect infections, anemia, clotting abnormalities, immune conditions, and certain cancers. This essential test is often ordered for routine health exams, diagnosis, and monitoring treatment progress.

The Glucose Test measures blood sugar levels to evaluate energy metabolism and screen for diabetes or prediabetes. Abnormal glucose may indicate hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, or metabolic disorders. Doctors use this test during routine exams, to investigate symptoms like fatigue, excessive thirst, or frequent urination, and to monitor treatment for diabetes. It provides essential insight into how the body regulates blood sugar and overall metabolic health.

The Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) Test measures 21 markers to assess metabolic health, liver and kidney function, and electrolyte balance. It includes glucose, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, CO2, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, total protein, bilirubin, ALP, AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine, BUN/creatinine ratio, and eGFR. The CMP helps detect diabetes, liver or kidney disease, and supports routine screening and chronic condition monitoring.

The Lipid Panel with Ratios Test measures seven key markers: total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, Chol/HDL ratio, and LDL/HDL ratio. This advanced panel evaluates cardiovascular risk by assessing cholesterol balance and fat metabolism. Doctors use it to detect high cholesterol, atherosclerosis risk, and heart disease, and to monitor treatment. Often part of routine exams, it provides insight into long-term heart and metabolic health.

The Cardiolipin IgG IgA IgM Antibodies Test detects autoantibodies linked to antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a disorder that increases the risk of blood clots, stroke, and pregnancy complications. Measuring IgG, IgA, and IgM helps identify abnormal immune responses. Doctors use this test to evaluate patients with unexplained clotting, recurrent miscarriages, or autoimmune disease, guiding diagnosis and treatment of APS and related conditions.

The ANA Screen IFA with Reflex to Titer and Pattern Test detects antinuclear antibodies in blood to evaluate autoimmune activity. If positive, further testing identifies antibody concentration (titer) and fluorescence pattern, helping diagnose conditions like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or Sjögren’s syndrome. Doctors order this test to investigate symptoms such as joint pain, fatigue, rash, or swelling and to guide treatment for autoimmune and connective tissue disorders.

The Troponin I Test measures levels of cardiac troponin I in blood to help diagnose heart attack, myocardial injury, and acute coronary syndrome. Elevated levels indicate heart muscle damage from blocked arteries, inflammation, or other cardiac stress. Doctors order this test for patients with chest pain, shortness of breath, or suspected heart disease. Results provide critical insight for early detection, treatment decisions, and ongoing heart health monitoring.

The Creatine Kinase (CK) Total Test measures CK enzyme levels in blood to detect muscle injury, inflammation, or stress. Elevated CK may indicate muscle disorders, heart attack, strenuous exercise, or conditions such as rhabdomyolysis, while low levels are less common. Doctors use this test to evaluate unexplained muscle pain, weakness, or chest pain and to monitor recovery. It provides insight into muscle, cardiac, and overall metabolic health.

The Protein C Activity Test measures the activity of protein C, a natural anticoagulant that regulates blood clotting. Low activity can indicate inherited or acquired protein C deficiency, increasing the risk of abnormal clot formation, deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism. This test supports evaluation of clotting disorders and provides insight into overall coagulation balance and vascular health.

The Antithrombin III Activity Test evaluates how effectively antithrombin controls clot formation in the blood. Reduced activity may indicate a hereditary deficiency, abnormal coagulation, or increased risk for venous thrombosis. This test provides insight into clotting disorders, supports diagnosis of thrombophilia, and helps assess vascular health and systemic risks related to impaired anticoagulant activity.

The Protein S Activity Test evaluates blood clot regulation by measuring the function of protein S, a vitamin K–dependent anticoagulant. Reduced activity may indicate inherited or acquired deficiency, leading to risk of venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or recurrent clotting disorders. This test provides important insight into coagulation balance and is frequently used with other assays to clarify causes of abnormal clot formation and assess thrombotic risk.

The Sed Rate Test, also called the ESR Test, measures how quickly red blood cells settle in a sample of blood. A faster rate may signal inflammation caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, arthritis, or other chronic conditions. Doctors use this test to investigate unexplained fever, joint pain, or muscle aches, and to monitor inflammatory disorders such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. The Sed Rate Test provides important insight into overall inflammatory activity.

The Syphilis (RPR + FTA-ABS) panel is a diagnostic tool used to detect and confirm the presence of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. This panel combines two tests: the RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) Screen with Reflex to Titer, and the FTA-ABS (Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption) test, offering both initial screening and confirmatory diagnosis capabilities.

The Activated Protein C-Resistance Test evaluates how blood responds to activated protein C, helping identify resistance often caused by Factor V Leiden mutation. This test supports assessment of abnormal clotting, deep vein thrombosis, and inherited thrombophilia. By measuring clotting response, it provides insight into genetic risks, venous thromboembolism, and overall coagulation health.

The Cardio IQ™ Lp-PLA2 PLAC® Test measures lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, an enzyme linked to vascular inflammation and plaque instability. Elevated levels are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. Doctors use this blood test to assess cardiovascular risk beyond standard cholesterol testing, helping guide prevention and treatment strategies to reduce risk of heart attack or stroke.

The HDL Cholesterol Test measures high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, often called “good” cholesterol, which helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Higher HDL levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease, while low levels may increase cardiovascular risk. Doctors use this blood test as part of a lipid panel to assess heart health, evaluate risk factors, and guide lifestyle or treatment strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention.

The Cholesterol Total Test measures the overall amount of cholesterol in blood, combining LDL and HDL, to evaluate cardiovascular health. High cholesterol is a major risk factor for heart disease, atherosclerosis, and stroke, while low levels may also affect health. Doctors use this test for routine screening, monitoring treatment, and assessing heart risk. Results provide key insight into lipid balance, helping guide lifestyle changes and therapy decisions.

The Blood Culture Test detects bacteria or fungi in the bloodstream to diagnose serious infections like sepsis, endocarditis, or systemic fungal infections. Doctors order this test when patients have fever, chills, or low blood pressure. Positive results identify the type of pathogen and guide targeted antibiotic or antifungal treatment. Early detection through blood culture is critical for effective care, preventing complications, and improving patient outcomes.

The Factor V Leiden Mutation Analysis detects a genetic mutation in the F5 gene that increases risk of abnormal blood clotting (thrombophilia). Individuals with this mutation may be prone to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, or pregnancy complications. Doctors use this DNA test to confirm inherited clotting disorders, assess family risk, and guide prevention strategies, including anticoagulation or lifestyle management.