All Heart and Cardiovascular Tests

There are many tests used to measure heart health and function. Take a look at the types of heart and cardiovascular tests to discover heart issues early.

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The Albumin Test measures albumin, the main protein made by the liver that maintains fluid balance and transports hormones, vitamins, and medications. Low albumin may indicate liver disease, kidney problems, malnutrition, or chronic inflammation, while high levels may reflect dehydration. Doctors order this test to evaluate swelling, fatigue, or abnormal labs. Results provide key insight into nutritional status, liver and kidney function, and overall metabolic health.

: Serum
Also Known As: ALB Test

The Aldolase Test measures levels of aldolase, an enzyme involved in breaking down glucose for energy. Elevated levels may indicate muscle damage, muscular dystrophy, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, or certain liver diseases. Doctors use this blood test to help diagnose and monitor muscle disorders, evaluate unexplained weakness, and track treatment response. It is often ordered alongside CK and other enzyme tests for a complete evaluation of muscle health.

: Serum

 The Aldosterone 24 Hour Urine test measures the amount of aldosterone excreted in the urine over a 24-hour period. Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate blood pressure by maintaining a balance of sodium and potassium in the blood. By examining a 24-hour sample, health care providers get an integrated view of aldosterone secretion over an entire day, rather than a snapshot that a single blood test might provide.
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The Aldosterone Test measures levels of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate blood pressure, sodium, and potassium balance. Abnormal levels may indicate primary aldosteronism, adrenal tumors, kidney disease, or secondary hypertension. Doctors use this blood test to investigate high blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, or suspected adrenal disorders, helping guide diagnosis, treatment, and long-term patient management.

: Serum
Also Known As: Aldosterone Plasma Test

The ALP Test measures alkaline phosphatase enzyme levels in blood to evaluate liver, bone, and bile duct health. High ALP may indicate liver disease, bile duct obstruction, bone disorders, or certain cancers, while low levels may suggest malnutrition or deficiency. Doctors order this test to investigate symptoms like fatigue, abdominal pain, or bone pain and often pair it with other liver function tests. Results provide key insight into metabolic and organ health.

: Serum
Also Known As: Alkaline Phosphatase Test, Alk Phos Test, Alkp Test

 The Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes test is a diagnostic tool that measures the different forms (isoenzymes) of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) present in the blood. ALP is an enzyme found in various tissues throughout the body, with the highest concentrations being in the liver, bones, kidneys, and intestines. Each tissue produces a slightly different version of ALP, and these different versions are known as isoenzymes.

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The ALT Test measures alanine aminotransferase, an enzyme mainly found in the liver. Elevated ALT may indicate liver damage from hepatitis, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, alcohol use, or medication effects. Doctors order this test to evaluate symptoms such as fatigue, abdominal pain, or jaundice and often pair it with AST for accurate liver assessment. Results provide essential insight into liver health, enzyme activity, and overall metabolic function.

: Serum
Also Known As: Alanine Aminotransferase Test, GPT Test, SGPT Test, Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase Test

The ANA Screen IFA with Reflex to Titer and Pattern Test detects antinuclear antibodies in blood to evaluate autoimmune activity. If positive, further testing identifies antibody concentration (titer) and fluorescence pattern, helping diagnose conditions like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or Sjögren’s syndrome. Doctors order this test to investigate symptoms such as joint pain, fatigue, rash, or swelling and to guide treatment for autoimmune and connective tissue disorders.

Also Known As: ANA Test, Antinuclear Antibody Screen Test


The ANCA Screen with Reflex to ANCA Titer detects antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, often linked to autoimmune vasculitis such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. If the screen is positive, a titer is performed to measure antibody levels for greater diagnostic accuracy. Doctors use this test to evaluate unexplained inflammation, kidney or lung issues, and guide treatment decisions in autoimmune and systemic vasculitis care.

: Serum
Also Known As: ANCA Test, cANCA Test, pANCA Test, Serine Protease 3 Test, Acticytoplasmic Test, 3-ANCA test, PR3-ANCA Test, MPO-ANCA test

 The ANCA (Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies) Vasculitides test identifies the presence of autoantibodies in the blood that target proteins found in the cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cell. These autoantibodies are associated with certain forms of vasculitis, a group of disorders characterized by the inflammation and damage of blood vessels. The test is typically comprised of two main types: c-ANCA (cytoplasmic) and p-ANCA (perinuclear).
: Serum

The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) test is a specialized laboratory assay designed to measure the level of ACE—an enzyme primarily found in the lungs and blood vessels—in the blood. ACE plays a critical role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance.
: Serum
Also Known As: : ACE Test, SACE Test, Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Test, Serum ACE test


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 The Antithrombin III Activity test measures the activity of antithrombin, a protein in the blood that naturally inhibits clot formation. It's one of the primary inhibitors of clotting factor enzymes, particularly thrombin and Factor Xa. Adequate antithrombin levels are vital for controlling and balancing coagulation. The activity test provides insights into how well the antithrombin is functioning, rather than just its concentration in the blood.
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The Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) Test measures levels of Apo A1, the main protein in HDL cholesterol, to assess heart and vascular health. Higher levels are linked to protective “good” cholesterol, while low levels may increase risk of heart disease, stroke, or metabolic disorders. Doctors use this test with lipid panels to evaluate cardiovascular risk, monitor therapy, and guide prevention strategies for cholesterol balance and heart health.

: Serum
Also Known As: Apo A1 Test, Apolipoprotein A-1 Test

The Apolipoprotein A1 and B Test measures Apo A1, the main protein in HDL cholesterol, and Apo B, the primary protein in LDL and VLDL cholesterol. Together, these markers and the ApoB/A1 ratio provide a clearer picture of cardiovascular risk than standard lipid panels. High ApoB or low Apo A1 may signal heart disease, stroke, or atherosclerosis. Doctors use this test to evaluate cholesterol balance, monitor therapy, and guide prevention of cardiovascular conditions.

: Serum
Also Known As: Apo A1 and B Test, Apolipoprotein Evaluation Test

The Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) Test measures ApoB, the main protein in LDL and VLDL cholesterol, to assess cardiovascular risk. Elevated ApoB is linked to atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke. Low levels may reflect liver disease or malnutrition. Doctors often order this test with lipid panels or Apo A1 to calculate the ApoB/A1 ratio, providing a more accurate picture of cholesterol balance, cardiovascular health, and risk for heart disease.

: Serum
Also Known As: Apo B Test, Apolipoprotein B-100 Test

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The B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Test measures BNP levels in blood to help diagnose and monitor heart failure and other cardiac conditions. High levels suggest the heart is under stress, often from congestive heart failure, hypertension, or heart disease. Doctors order this test for patients with shortness of breath, fatigue, or swelling. Results provide critical insight into heart function, guiding treatment and monitoring response to therapy.

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Also Known As: Brain Natriuretic Peptide Test

The Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) Test measures eight markers, including glucose, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, BUN, and creatinine, to evaluate kidney function, blood sugar, and electrolyte balance. Doctors use this panel to detect diabetes, dehydration, and kidney disease, or to monitor treatment. It is commonly ordered in routine exams, emergency care, or pre-surgical testing to assess overall metabolic and organ health.

: Serum
Also Known As: BMP Test, Chemistry Panel, Chemistry Screen, Chem 7, Chem 11, SMA 7, SMAC7, Basic Metabolic Test, Chem Test, Chem Panel Test 

: Serum

The BUN Creatinine Ratio Test compares blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine levels to assess kidney function and hydration status. A high ratio may indicate dehydration, gastrointestinal bleeding, or high protein intake, while a low ratio can suggest liver disease or malnutrition. Doctors order this test with kidney panels to evaluate fatigue, swelling, or abnormal lab results. Results help diagnose renal issues and guide treatment planning.

: Serum
Also Known As: Blood Urea Nitrogen to Creatinine Ratio

One person dies every 36 seconds in the United States from cardiovascular disease.

That may seem like a shocking statistic, but what's more surprising is that cardiovascular disease is also the leading cause of death in the US.

Thankfully, by utilizing blood testing for cardiovascular diseases, you can learn your risk factors and make changes in your life to help prevent future heart problems.

So, what is cardiovascular disease, and which heart and cardiovascular tests are used to help diagnose it? Keep reading to learn more about this deadly disease and how to prevent it.

What is Heart and Cardiovascular Disease?

Cardiovascular disease is a type of disease that affects the heart muscle or blood vessels. Heart and Cardiovascular Disease refers to several different conditions, such as heart failure, stroke, heart attack, and more. The most common type of cardiovascular disease in the US is Coronary Artery Disease.

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